Câu 1. Phân tích nghệ thuật đối lập hai nhân vật Giăng Van-giăng và Gia-ve qua đối thoại, qua hành động. Nêu ý nghĩa của biện pháp này.
Trả lời:
Nghệ thuật đối lập hai nhân vật Giăng Văn-giăng và Gia-ve qua đối thoại, qua hành động:
– Trước khi Phăng – tin chết:
Bạn đang xem: Soạn bài Người cầm quyền khôi phục uy quyền
– Soạn văn 11
* Giăng Van-giăng
+ Thái độ nhẹ nhàng, nhún nhường, hành động điềm tĩnh
* Gia- ve
+ Với Giăng Van–giăng: hành động lỗ mãng, ngạo ngược, tác oai tác quái
+ Thái độ trước Phăng-tin: thái độ, cách cư xử hết sức tàn nhẫn, vô lương tâm, mất hết tính người
– Sau khi Phăng–tin chết
* Giăng Van-giăng
+ Đối với Gia-ve: Thái độ mạnh mẽ, quyết liệt.
+ Đối với Phăng-tin: Giăng-van-giăng giống như một vị cứu tinh, một đấng cứu thế.
* Gia- ve
+ Hắn là một kẻ hống hách, độc ác, tàn bạo, vô nhân tính, lòng lang dạ thú nhưng cũng rất hèn nhát, bạc nhược chỉ biết dựa vào luật pháp để thị uy lộng quyền.
=> Ý nghĩa nghệ thuật: Bằng nghệ thuật đối lập giữa hai nhân vật, nhà văn đã lý tưởng hóa hình tượng Giăng Van-giăng mang vẻ đẹp tuyệt đối, là hiện thân của con người giàu đức hi sinh và lòng nhân ái, đấng cứu thế luôn che chở, bảo vệ, đem lại niềm tin, hi vọng cho những người nghèo khổ.
Câu 2. Đoạn văn từ câu “Ông nói gì với chị?” đến câu “có thể là những sự thực cao cả” là phát ngôn của ai? Thuật ngữ văn học dùng để chỉ tên loại ngôn ngữ này? Ở đây, trong câu chuyện kể, nó có tác dụng thế nào?
Trả lời:
* Ở Gia-ve tác giả đã sử dụng một loạt chi tiết nhằm quy chiếu về một ẩn dụ: Hình tượng con ác thú Gia-ve.
– “bộ mặt gớm ghiếc”
– Giọng nói (tiếng thét “Mau lên”), “có cái gì man rợ và điên cuồng”
– Cặp mắt: “nhìn như cái móc sắt, và với cái nhìn ấy hắn từng quen kéo giật vào hắn bao kẻ khốn khổ”.
– Cái cười: “ghê tởm phô ra tất cả hàm răng”.
=> Dựng chân dung nhân vật sinh động, qua đó tô đậm sự tàn bạo, bản tính ác thú của Giave
=> Gián tiếp thái độ ghê tởm, căm ghét của nhà văn với loại người như hắn.
* Ở Giăng Van-giăng ta không tìm thấy một hệ thống hình ảnh so sánh quy về ẩn dụ như Gia-ve. Tuy nhiên, qua diễn biến tình tiết dẫn tới đoạn kết, những chi tiết về Giăng Van-giăng có thể quy chiếu về hình ảnh: Một con người chân chính – con người của tình yêu thương.
Câu 3. Qua đoạn trích, hãy nêu những dấu hiệu của nghệ thuật lãng mạn chủ nghĩa?
Trả lời:
– Đoạn văn từ câu “Ông nói gì với chị?” đến câu “có thể là những sự thực cao cả” là phát ngôn của nhà văn.
– Thuật ngữ văn học dùng để chỉ tên loại ngôn ngữ này là: Bình luận ngoại đề (hay “Trữ tình ngoại đề”): Nó cũng là phương tiện quan trọng giúp tác giả soi sáng thêm nội dung, tư tương tác phẩm.
– Trong đoạn trích, nó giúp phản ánh rõ hơn tư tưởng vượt lên trên hiện thực để vươn tới cái đẹp thánh thiện. Đó cũng chính là tâm hồn nhân ái đầy thánh thiện của Giăng-van-giăng.
Bản quyền bài viết thuộc trường trung học phổ thông Sóc Trăng. Mọi hành vi sao chép đều là gian lận.
Nguồn chia sẻ: Trường THPT Thành Phố Sóc Trăng (thptsoctrang.edu.vn)
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