Giáo Dục

Truyện Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương

Qua câu chuyện về cuộc đời và cái chết thương tâm của Vũ Nương, Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương đã thể hiện niềm cảm thương sâu sắc đối với số phận oan nghiệt của người phụ nữ Việt Nam dưới chế độ phong kiến, đồng thời khẳng định vẻ đẹp truyền thống của họ. Tác phẩm được giới thiệu trong chương trình Ngữ văn lớp 9.

Tác phẩm Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương
Tác phẩm Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương

Hôm nay, Trường TCSP Mẫu giáo – Nhà trẻ Hà Nội sẽ cung cấp tài liệu giới thiệu về tác giả Nguyễn Dữ, nội dung Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương. Hy vọng có thể giúp ích cho các bạn học sinh khi tìm hiểu về tác phẩm này. Mời tham khảo nội dung chi tiết ngay sau đây.

Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương

Nghe đọc Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương:

Vũ Thị Thiết, người con gái quê ở Nam Xương, tính đã thuỳ mị, nết na, lại thêm tư dung tốt đẹp. Trong làng có chàng Trương Sinh, mến vì dung hạnh, xin với mẹ đem trăm lạng vàng cưới về. Song Trương Sinh có tính đa nghi, đối với vợ phòng ngừa quá sức. Nàng cũng giữ gìn khuôn phép, không từng để lúc nào vợ chồng phải đến thất hoà. Cuộc sum vầy chưa được bao lâu thì xảy ra việc triều đình bắt lính đi đánh giặc Chiêm. Trương tuy con nhà hào phú nhưng không có học, nên phải ghi trong sổ lính đi vào loại đầu. Buổi ra đi mẹ chàng có dặn rằng:

– Nay con phải tạm ra tòng quân, xa lìa dưới gối. Tuy hội công danh từ xưa ít gặp, nhưng trong chỗ binh cách phải biết giữ mình làm trọng, gặp khó nên lui, lường sức mà tiến, đừng nên tham miếng mồi thơm để lỡ mắc vào cạm bẫy. Quan cao tước lớn nhường để người ta. Có như thế, mẹ ở nhà mới khỏi lo lắng vì con được.

Chàng quỳ xuống đất vâng lời dạy. Nàng rót chén rượu đầy tiễn chồng mà rằng:

– Chàng đi chuyến này, thiếp chẳng dám mong đeo được ấn phong hầu, mặc áo gấm trở về quê cũ, chỉ xin ngày về mang theo được hai chữ bình yên, thế là đủ rối. Chỉ e việc quân khó liệu, thế giặc khôn lường. Giặc cuồng còn lẩn lút, quân triều còn gian lao, rồi thế chẻ tre chưa có, mà mùa dưa chín quá kì, khiến cho tiện thiếp băn khoăn, mẹ hiền lo lắng. Nhìn trăng soi thành cũ, lại sửa soạn áo rét, gửi người ải xa, trông liễu rủ bãi hoang, cũng sợ không có cánh hồng bay bổng.

Nàng nói đến đây, mọi người đều ứa hai hàng lệ. Rồi đó, tiệc tiễn vừa tàn, áo chàng đành rứt. Nước mắt cảnh vật vẫn còn như cũ, mà lòng người đã nhuộm mối tình, muôn dặm quan san!

Bấy giờ, nàng đương có mang, sau khi xa chồng vừa đầy tuần thì sinh ra một đưa con trai, đặt tên là Đản. Ngày qua tháng lại, thoắt đã nửa năm, mỗi khi thấy bướm lượn đầy vườn, mây che kín núi, thì nỗi buồn góc bể chân trời không thể nào ngăn được. Bà mẹ cũng vì nhớ con mà dần sinh ốm. Nàng hết sức thuốc than lễ bế thần phật và lấy lời ngọt ngào khôn khéo khuyên lơn. Song bệnh tình mỗi ngày một trầm trọng, bà biết không sống được, bèn trối lại với nàng rằng:

– Ngắn dài có số, tươi héo bởi trời. Mẹ không phải không muốn đợi chồng con về, mà không gắng ăn miếng cơm miếng cháo đặng cùng vui sum họp. Song, làm tham vô cùng mà vận trời khó tránh. Nước hết chuông rền, số cùng khí kiệt. Một tấm thân tàn, nguy trong sớm tối, việc sống chết không khỏi phiền đến con. Chồng con nơi xa xôi không biết sống chết thế nào không thể về đền ơn được. Sau này, trời xét lòng lành, ban cho phúc đức, giống dòng tươi tốt, con cháu đông đàn, xanh kia quyết chẳng phụ con, cũng như con đã chẳng phụ mẹ.

Bà cụ nói xong thì mất. Nàng hết lời thương xót, phàm việc ma chay tế lễ, lo liệu như đối với cha mẹ đẻ của mình.

Qua năm sau, giặc ngoan cố chịu trói, việc quân kết thúc. Trương Sinh về tới nhà, được biết mẹ đã qua đời, con vừa học nói. Chàng hỏi mồ mẹ, rồi bế đứa con nhỏ đi thăm; đứa trẻ không chịu, ra đến đồng, nó quấy khóc, Sinh dỗ dành:

– Nín đi con, đừng khóc. Cha về, bà đã mất, lòng cha buồn khổ lắm rồi.

Đứa con ngây thơ nói:

– Ô hay! Thế ra ông cũng là cha tôi ư! Ông lại biết nói chứ không như cha tôi trước kia chỉ nín thin thít.

Chàng ngạc nhiên gạn hỏi. Đứa con nhỏ nói:

– Trước đây, thường có một người đàn ông, đêm nào cũng đến, mẹ Đản đi cũng đi, mẹ Đản ngồi cũng ngồi, nhưng chẳng bao giờ bế Đản cả.

Tính chàng hay ghen, nghe con nói vậy, đinh ninh là vợ hư, mối nghi ngờ ngày càng sâu, không có gì gỡ ra được.

Về đến nhà, chàng la um lên cho hả giận. Vợ chàng khóc mà rằng:

– Thiếp vốn con kẻ khó, được nương tựa nhà giàu. Sum họp chưa thoả tình chăn gối, chia phôi vì động việc lửa binh. Cách biệt ba năm giữ gìn một tiết. Tô son điểm phấn từng đã nguôi lòng, ngõ liễu tường hoa chưa hề bén gót. Đâu có sự mất nết hư thân như lời chàng nói. Dám xin bày tỏ để cởi mối nghi ngờ. Mong chàng đừng một mực nghi oan cho thiếp.

Chàng vẫn không tin. Nhưng nàng hỏi chuyện kia do ai nói ra, thì lại giấu không kể lời con nói; chỉ lấy chuyện bóng gió này nọ mà mắng nhiếc nàng, và đánh đuổi đi. Họ hàng làng xóm bênh vực và biện bạch cho nàng, cũng chẳng ăn thua gì cả. Nàng bất đắc dĩ nói:

– Thiếp sở dĩ nương tựa vào chàng vì có cái thú vui nghi gia nghi thất. Nay đã bình rơi trâm gãy, mây tạnh mưa tan, sen rũ trong ao, liễu tàn trước gió; khóc tuyết bông hoa rụng cuống, kêu xuân cái én lìa đàn, nước thẳm buồm xa, đâu còn có thể lại lên núi Vọng Phu kia nữa.

Đoạn rồi nàng tắm gội sạch, ra bến Hoàng Giang ngửa mặt lên trời mà than rằng:

– Kẻ bạc mệnh này duyên phận hẩm hiu, chồng con rẫy bỏ, điều đâu bay buộc, tiếng chịu nhuốc nhơ, thần sông có linh, xin ngài chứng giám. Thiếp nếu đoan trang giữ tiết, trinh bạch gìn lòng, vào nước xin làm ngọc Mị Nương, xuống đất xin làm cỏ Ngu mĩ. Nhược bằng lòng chim dạ cá, lừa chồng dối con, dưới xin làm mồi cho cá tôm, trên xin làm cơm cho diều quạ, và xin chịu khắp mọi người phỉ nhổ.

Nói xong nàng gieo mình xuống sông mà chết. Chàng tuy giận là nàng thất tiết, nhưng thấy nàng tự tận cũng động lòng thương, tìm vớt thây nàng, nhưng chẳng thấy tăm hơi đâu cả. Một đêm phòng không vắng vẻ, chàng ngồi dưới ngọn đèn khuya, chợt đứa con nói rằng:

– Cha Đản lại đến kia kìa!

Chàng hỏi đâu. Nó chỉ bóng chàng ở trên vách:

– Đây này!

Thì ra, ngày thường, ở một mình, nàng hay đùa con, trỏ bóng mình mà bảo là cha Đản. Bấy giờ chàng mới tỉnh ngộ, thấu nỗi oan của vợ, nhưng việc trót đã qua rồi!

Cùng làng với nàng, có người tên là Phan Lang, khi trước làm đầu mục ở bến đò Hoàng Giang, một đêm chiêm bao thấy người con gái áo xanh đến kêu xin tha mạng. Sáng dậy, Phan Lang thấy có người phường chài đem vào biếu một con rùa mai xanh, sực nghĩ đến chuyện mộng, bèn đem thả con rùa ấy. Cuối đời Khai Đại nhà Hồ, quân Minh mượn tiếng đưa Trầm Thiêm Bình về nước, phạm vào cửa ải Chi Lăng, nhân dân trong nước, nhiều người sợ hãi phải chạy trốn ra ngoài bể, không may đắm thuyền đều chết đuối cả. Thây Phan Lang dạt vào một cái động rùa ở hải đảo, có người đàn bà là Linh Phi trông thấy nói rằng:

– Đây là vị ân nhân cứu sống ta thuở xưa.

Linh Phi bèn lấy khăn dấu mà lau, lấy thuốc thần mà đổ, một chốc Phan Lang liền tỉnh lại. Phan trông thấy cung gấm đền dao thật nguy nga lộng lẫy, mà chưa biết mình đã lọt vào cung nước của rùa thần. Linh Phi bấy giờ mình mặc áo gấm dát ngọc, chân đi giày có vân nạm vàng, cười bảo Phan Lang rằng:

– Tôi là Linh Phi trong động rùa, vợ vua biển Nam Hải, nhớ hồi còn nhỏ đi chơi ở bến sông bị người phường chài bắt được, ngẫu nhiên báo mộng, quả được nhờ ơn. Gặp gỡ ngày nay, há chẳng phải lòng trời xui khiến cho tôi có dịp đền ơn trả nghĩa?

Phi bèn đặt yến ở gác Triêu Dương để thết đãi Phan Lang. Dự tiệc hôm ấy có vô số những mĩ nhân, quần áo thướt tha, mái tóc búi xễ. Trong số đó, có một người mặt chỉ hơi điểm qua một chút son phấn trông rất giống Vũ Nương. Phan có ý nhìn trộm, nhưng không dám nhận. Tiệc xong, người đàn bà ấy nói với Phan Lang rằng:

– Tôi với ông vốn người cùng làng, cách mặt chưa bao, đã quên nhau rồi ư?

Bấy giờ Phan mới nhận đích người ấy là Vũ Nương và gạn hỏi duyên cớ. Nàng nói:

– Tôi ngày trước không may bị người vu oan, phải gieo mình xuống sông tự tử. Các nàng tiên trong cung nước thương tôi vô tội, rẽ một đường nước cho tôi thoát chết, nếu không thì đã vùi vào bụng cá, còn đâu mà gặp ông.

Phan nói:

– Nương Tử nghĩa khác Tào Nga, hờn không Tinh Vệ mà phải ôm mối hận gieo mình xuống nước. Nay thóc cũ không còn, thóc mới vừa gặt, há lại không tưởng nhớ đến quê hương ư?

Vũ Nương nói:

– Tôi bị chồng ruồng rẫy, thà già ở chốn làng mây cung nước, chứ còn mặt mũi nào về nhìn thấy người ta nữa!

Phan nói:

– Nhà cửa tiên nhân của nương tử, cây cối thành rừng, phần mộ tiên nhân của nương tử, cỏ gai rợp mắt. Nương tử dù không nghĩ đến, nhưng tiên nhân còn mong đợi nương tử thì sao?

Nghe đến đây, Vũ Nương ứa nước mắt khóc, rồi quả quyết đổi giọng mà rằng:

– Có lẽ không thể gửi hình ẩn bóng ở đây được mãi, để mang tiếng xấu xa. Phải chăng, ngựa Hồ gầm gió bắc, chim Việt đậu cành nam. Cản vì nỗi ấy, tôi tất phải tìm về có ngày.

Hôm sau, Linh Phi lấy một cái túi bằng lụa tía, đựng mười hạt minh châu, sai sứ giả Xích Hỗn đưa Phan ra khỏi nước. Vũ Nương nhân đó cũng đưa gửi một chiếc hoa vàng mà dặn:

– Nhờ nói hộ với chàng Trương, nếu còn nhớ chút tình xưa nghĩa cũ, xin lập một đàn giải oan ở bến sông, đốt cây đèn thần chiếu xuống nước, tôi sẽ trở về.

Lúc đến nhà, Phan đem chuyện kể lại với họ Trương. Ban đầu Trương không tin. Nhưng khi nhận được chiếc hoa vàng, chàng mới sợ hãi mà nói:

– Đây quả là vật dùng mà vợ tôi mang lúc ra đi.

Chàng bèn theo lời, lập một đàn tràng ba ngày đêm ở bến Hoàng Giang. Rồi quả thấy Vũ Nương ngồi trên một chiếc kiệu hoa đứng ở giữa dòng, theo sau có đến năm mươi chiếc xe cờ tán, võng lọng, rực rỡ đầy sông, lúc ẩn, lúc hiện.

Chàng vội gọi, nàng vẫn ở giữa dòng mà nói vọng vào:

– Thiếp cảm ơn đức của Linh Phi, đã thề sống chết cũng không bỏ. Đa tạ tình chàng, thiếp chẳng thể trở về nhân gian được nữa.

Rồi trong chốc lát, bóng nàng loang loáng mờ nhạt dần mà biến đi mất.

I. Đôi nét về tác giả Nguyễn Dữ

– Nguyễn Dữ – có sách phiên âm là Nguyễn Tự (chưa rõ năm sinh – năm mất).

– Người huyện Trường Tân, nay là huyện Thanh Miện, tỉnh Hải Dương.

– Ông là học trò của Tuyết Giang Phu Tử – Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm.

– Ông sống ở thế kỉ XVI là thời kì triều đình nhà Lê đã bắt đầu khủng hoảng, các tập đoàn phong kiến Lê, Mạc Trịnh tranh giành quyền bính, gây ra các cuộc nội chiến kéo dài.

– Nguyễn Dữ là một người học rộng, tài cao nhưng chỉ làm quan có một năm rồi xin về quê nuôi mẹ già và viết sách, sống ẩn dật như nhiều trí thức đương thời khác.

II. Giới thiệu về Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương

1. Hoàn cảnh sáng tác

– “Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương” là một trong hai mươi truyện của “Truyền kì mạn lục”.

– Truyền kì mạn lục (ghi chép tản mạn những chuyện kỳ lạ được lưu truyền ) là tác phẩm được viết bằng chữ Hán. Tác phẩm này có chịu ảnh hưởng của truyện truyền kỳ Trung Quốc – một thể loại truyện thường có yếu tố kỳ lạ, hoang đường. Nhưng điểm khác là Nguyễn Dữ đã biết khai thác các truyện cổ dân gian, các truyền thuyết lịch sử, dã sử của Việt Nam để sáng tạo ra tác phẩm của mình.

– Nhân vật chính của truyện thường là những người phụ nữ bất hạnh, khao khát hạnh phúc nhưng bị các thế lực bạo tàn và cả lễ giáo khắc nghiệt xô đẩy vào hoàn cảnh éo le, oan khuất và bất hạnh.

2. Bố cục

Gồm 3 phần:

  • Phần 1: Từ đầu đến “lo liệu như đối với cha mẹ đẻ của mình”. Cuộc sống của Vũ Nương khi được gả về nhà Trương Sinh.
  • Phần 2: Tiếp theo đến “nhưng việc trót đã qua rồi”. Sự hiểu lầm của Trương Sinh dẫn đến nỗi oan khuất của Vũ Nương.
  • Phần 3. Còn lại. Vũ Nương được giải oan.

3. Tóm tắt

Mẫu 1

Vũ Thị Thiết, người con gái quê ở Nam Xương, tính tình thùy mị nết na, tư dung tốt đẹp nên được Trương Sinh đem lòng yêu mến liền xin với mẹ đem trăm lạng vàng cưới về làm vợ. Biết chồng có tính đa nghi nên, Vũ Nương hết mực giữ gìn khuôn phép. Bấy giờ, đất nước có chiến tranh, Trương Sinh phải lên đường đi lính. Vũ Nương ở nhà sinh nuôi dạy con và chăm sóc mẹ già, lo ma chay chu đáo khi mẹ chồng mất. Khi Trương Sinh trở về, bế con ra mộ thăm mẹ thì hiểu lầm rằng vợ có người khác. Vũ Nương chịu oan khuất biết không thể rửa sạch liền nhảy xuống sông tự vẫn. Một đêm nọ, Trương Sinh bế con ngồi trước ngọn đèn, thấy đứa bé chỉ vào cái bóng mình bảo đấy là cha mới nhận ra mình đã hiểu lầm vợ, hối hận cũng đã muộn. Cùng làng có người tên là Phan Lan vì cứu Linh Phi trước đó nên khi gặp nạn chết đuối đã được Linh Phi cứu sống, tình cờ gặp Vũ Nương ở thủy cung. Phan Lang trở về trần gian Vũ Nương gửi theo chiếc hoa vàng cùng lời nhắn Trương Sinh. Trương Sinh lập đàn giải oan bên bến Hoàng Giang. Vũ Nương hiện ra giữa dòng ngồi trên chiếc kiệu hoa đa tạ chàng rồi biến mất.

Mẫu 2

Vũ Nương là người con gái quê ở Nam Xương, không chỉ xinh đẹp mà còn có tư dung tốt đẹp. Điều ấy khiến cho Trương Sinh – một chàng trai trong làng yêu mến, xin mẹ đem trăm lạng vàng cưới về. Trong cuộc sống vợ chồng, biết chồng là một người hay ghen, nàng luôn sống giữ gìn khuôn phép để gia đình hòa thuận. Vậy mà chồng nàng, sau khi đi lính chỉ vì một lời ngây thơ của con trẻ, chưa làm rõ đầu đuôi câu chuyện đã giở thói ghen tuông. Dù Vũ Nương hết lòng giải thích nhưng vẫn vô dụng. Nàng quyết định tìm đến cái chết để chứng minh sự trong sạch của mình. Sau này, khi đã hiểu rõ mọi chuyện, Trương Sinh cảm thấy hối hận thì cũng đã muộn. Chàng cho người lập đàn giải oan cho vợ, Vũ Nương hiện về lúc ẩn lúc hiện.

Xem thêm Tóm tắt Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương

4. Ý nghĩa nhan đề

Mẫu 1

“Truyền kì mạn lục” bao gồm hai mươi truyện. Đa số các chuyện đều được bắt đầu bằng chữ “chuyện” hay “câu chuyện” và “Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương” cũng vậy. Nhưng đây không phải là một yếu tố thừa mà qua đó người đọc hiểu được đây là câu chuyện kể về một người con gái ở Nam Xương. Đưa cụm từ “người con gái” lên nhan đề của tác phẩm, Nguyễn Dữ muốn cho người đọc thấy được nhân vật trung tâm của truyện là một người phụ nữ.

Tuy nhiên, nhà văn lại đặt một cách phiếm chỉ “người con gái Nam Xương” chứ không phải là “Chuyện người con gái Vũ Nương” hay “Chuyện người con gái Vũ Thị Thiết” nhằm khẳng định đây không phải là câu chuyện của riêng Vũ Nương. Mà còn là câu chuyện chung của những người phụ nữ trong xã hội xưa. Cuộc đời của nàng Vũ Nương chỉ là đại diện cho những người phụ nữ trong xã hội lúc bấy giờ. Qua nhân vật này, nhà văn cũng gửi gắm những giá trị nhân đạo cao quý. Đầu tiên là sự trân trọng đối với những ước mơ chính đáng, khát vọng cao đẹp như: khát vọng được hạnh phúc, ước mơ về sự công bằng trong xã hội. Tiếp theo là niềm xót thương, cảm thông sâu sắc của tác giả đối với số phận của người phụ nữ. Không chỉ vậy, nhà văn cũng lên án, phê phán, tố cáo xã hội phong kiến đã chà đạp lên quyền sống của con người. Cuối cùng là lời khẳng định những phẩm chất tốt đẹp của người phụ nữ. Quả là một nhan đề có tính khái quát cao.

Mẫu 2

“Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương” là một trong hai mươi truyện thuộc “Truyền kì mạn lục” của nhà văn Nguyễn Dữ. Nhan đề của truyện được Nguyễn Dữ đặt với dụng ý nghệ thuật sâu xa. Trước hết, nhan đề này cho người đọc biết được hình tượng trung tâm của tác phẩm là một người phụ nữ. Đây cũng chính là nhân vật chính trong hầu hết các truyện thuộc “Truyền kì mạn lục”. Truyện kể về cuộc đời đầy bất hạnh của nhân vật Vũ Nương – một người con gái quê ở Nam Xương. Điều đáng nói là thông qua cuộc đời của nhân vật Vũ Nương, nhà văn muốn nói đến cuộc đời của rất nhiều người phụ nữ khác trong xã hội phong kiến. Vũ Nương chính là đại diện cho những người phụ nữ “hồng nhan bạc mệnh” của xã hội thời bấy giờ. Qua nhân vật này, nhà văn cũng thể hiện sự trân trọng đối với những ước mơ chính đáng, khát vọng cao đẹp như: khát vọng được hạnh phúc, ước mơ về sự công bằng trong xã hội. Cùng với đó là niềm xót thương, cảm thông sâu sắc của tác giả đối với số phận của người phụ nữ. Không chỉ vậy, nhà văn cũng lên án, phê phán, tố cáo xã hội phong kiến đã chà đạp lên quyền sống của con người. Cuối cùng là lời khẳng định những phẩm chất tốt đẹp của người phụ nữ Việt Nam trong xã hội phong kiến.

Xem thêm Ý nghĩa nhan đề Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương

5. Nội dung

Qua câu chuyện về cuộc đời và cái chết thương tâm của Vũ Nương, Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương đã thể hiện niềm cảm thương sâu sắc đối với số phận oan nghiệt của người phụ nữ Việt Nam dưới chế độ phong kiến, đồng thời khẳng định vẻ đẹp truyền thống của họ.

6. Nghệ thuật

  • Các yếu tố tưởng tượng, kì ảo
  • Nghệ thuật dựng truyện, miêu tả nhân vật, kết hợp tự sự với trữ tình…

III. Dàn ý phân tích Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương

(1) Mở bài

Giới thiệu về tác giả Nguyễn Dữ và tác phẩm Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương.

(2) Thân bài

a. Cuộc sống của Vũ Nương khi được gả về nhà Trương Sinh

– Vũ Nương tính thùy mị, nết na lại có tư dung tốt đẹp.

– Trong làng có chàng Trương Sinh đem lòng yêu mến, liền xin mẹ đem trăm lạng vàng cưới về.

– Vũ Nương biết chồng có tính đa nghi, phòng ngừa vợ quá sức. Nhưng nàng cũng giữ gìn khuôn phép, vợ chồng không có gì phải bất hòa.

– Chiến tranh xảy ra, Trương Sinh tuy nhà hào phú nhưng vẫn bị bắt đi lính.

– Khi chồng ra chiến trường, nàng ở nhà hết mực lo lắng cho gia đình: sinh con, chăm sóc mẹ chồng, khi mẹ chồng mất thì lo ma chay chu đáo.

=> Vũ Nương là một người vợ đảm đang, hiền thục và hết lòng vì chồng, gia đình nhà chồng.

b. Sự hiểu lầm của Trương Sinh dẫn đến nỗi oan khuất của Vũ Nương

– Hoàn cảnh:

  • Trương Sinh đi lính trở về, biết tin mẹ mất liền bế con ra mộ thăm mẹ.
  • Đứa con không chịu nghe lời, ngây thơ hỏi: “Hóa ra ông cũng là cha tôi ư?…”

=> Trương Sinh hiểu nhầm vợ ở nhà có người khác.

– Diễn biến: Về nhà, Trương Sinh la um cho hả giận. Vũ Nương tìm cách giải thích nhưng không được.

– Kết quả: Biết không thể giải thích được nỗi oan, Vũ Nương tắm gội chay sạch, ra bến Hoàng Giang, ngửa mặt lên trời than rằng: “Kẻ bạc mệnh này…” rồi nhảy xuống sông tự vẫn.

=> Vũ Nương đau đớn, thất vọng trước sự nghi ngờ của chồng. Nàng lựa chọn cái chết để rửa sạch nỗi tủi nhục. Qua đây, thấy được số phận bất hạnh của người phụ nữ trong xã hội xưa.

c. Vũ Nương được giải oan

* Trực tiếp:

– Một đêm nọ, Trương Sinh bế con ngồi trước ngọn đèn, thấy đứa bé chỉ vào cái bóng mình bảo: “Cha Đản lại đến kìa”. Chàng hỏi đâu, đứa bé liền chỉ vào cái bóng ở trên tường.

– Khi hỏi rõ ra mới biết những lúc ở nhà một mình, vợ thường đùa con trỏ vào cái bóng của mình và bảo đấy là cha Đản.

=> Sự hối hận muộn màng.

* Gián tiếp:

– Cùng làng có người tên là Phan Lan vì cứu Linh Phi trước đó nên khi gặp nạn chết đuối đã được Linh Phi cứu sống, tình cờ gặp Vũ Nương ở thủy cung.

– Phan Lang trở về trần gian Vũ Nương gửi theo chiếc hoa vàng cùng lời nhắn Trương Sinh lập đàn giải oan cho mình.

– Trương Sinh làm theo lời, lập một đàn tràng ba ngày đêm ở bến Hoàng Giang, rồi thấy Vũ Nương hiện về lúc ẩn lúc hiện.

=> Vũ Nương đã giải được nỗi oan khuất nhưng vẫn không thể tiếp tục cuộc sống nơi trần thế nữa.

(3) Kết bài

Khẳng định giá trị nội dung và nghệ thuật “Chuyện người con gái Nam Xương”.

Bản quyền bài viết thuộc trường trung học phổ thông Sóc Trăng. Mọi hành vi sao chép đều là gian lận.
Nguồn chia sẻ: Trường THPT Thành Phố Sóc Trăng (thptsoctrang.edu.vn)

Nguyễn Thị Hương Thủy

Cô giáo Nguyễn Thị Hương Thủy tốt nghiệp trường Đại học Sư phạm Hà Nội và hiện đang tham gia giảng dạy môn Ngữ Văn tại trường THPT Chu Văn An. Cô có 20 năm kinh nghiệm giảng dạy, dẫn dắt nhiều thế hệ học sinh đạt những thành tích cao và đặt chân vào các trường đại học danh tiếng. Cô gặt hái được rất nhiều thành công trong sự nghiệp: giải Nhì trong cuộc thi giáo viên giỏi do thành phố Hà Nội tổ chức, tham gia giảng dạy đội tuyển Học sinh giỏi Quốc gia.

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